Non-governmental Institutions Research Articles

Political Socialization and Its Impact on Psychological Resilience and PTSD among Individuals Engaged with Israeli Occupation Forces on Mount Sabih

IntroductionThis research investigates the complex dynamics of political socialization, psychological resilience, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among Palestinians who confronted Israeli military occupation forces on Sabih Mountain in Beita in Palestine. MethodsThis study utilized a descriptive correlational methodology with a sample size of 141 participants. Relevant data were collected using survey questionnaires and analyzed using appropriate statistical techniques. ResultsThis study revealed a positive correlation between political socialization and psychological resilience in the Palestinian population. Higher exposure to political socialization leads to increased resilience but is inversely correlated with the likelihood of severe PTSD. Those with greater resilience are less susceptible, while those lacking resilience are more susceptible. A greater degree of political socialization reduces the likelihood of experiencing PTSD-related consequences. DiscussionThis study emphasizes the significance of political socialization in fostering psychological resilience and attenuating PTSD in Palestinians who are facing Israeli occupation forces. Age, detention by Zionist forces, and family size significantly impact resilience levels. Age is the most influential variable, with retention positively influencing resilience. Family size, income, and disability also affect resilience levels. These findings help in understanding the complex dynamics of political socialization, psychological resilience, and PTSD among Palestinians, enabling targeted interventions and support mechanisms to enhance resilience and mitigate the impact of psychological disorders. ConclusionThis research highlights the connection between political socialization, psychological resilience, and PTSD in the Palestinian population, who faced PTSD during the Israeli occupation. It is crucial for stakeholders to support initiatives focused on political socialization, as it nurtures psychological resilience and mitigates PTSD susceptibility. By collaborating with governmental bodies and nongovernmental institutions, transformative and collaborative efforts can be initiated, providing unwavering support and safeguarding the psychological well-being of the Palestinian people amidst the arduous adversities they face.

Analisis Tentang Perlindungan Hukum Pernikahan Dini Pada Usia di bawah 19 Tahun Menurut Hukum Islam

In maintaining the welfare of women and children involved in early marriage, legal protection has a very important role. This research uses doctrinal legal research which is a process to find rules, principles, and doctrines to answer the issues at hand. The characteristics of the research are prescriptive. The research method used is Normative / Doctrinal / Library Research Researchers concluded that to protect the Law of Early Marriage the age under 19 years according to Islamic law needs appropriate legal regulations, the need for women's empowerment and community education, inter-stakeholder cooperation in the context of the legal protection of early marriage from various parties, including government, non-governmental institutions, international organizations, and civil society. This collaboration is needed to formulate effective policies, provide adequate services, and raise public awareness. According to Islamic Fiqh itself, Marriage scholars differ on the minimum age of marriage. Most of the scholars of the Maliki madzhab argue that the age of menstruation for women and men is 17 years or 18 years, while Abu Hanifah argues that the age of puberty is 19 years or older. Shafi'i, Ahmad, Ibn Wahab, and the majority think that it is the perfect age of fifteen years.

Pendampingan dan Edukasi tentang Komunikasi Efektif untuk Pelestarian Lingkungan dan Pemilahan Sampah kepada Anak

Household waste pollution remains a common problem. Various efforts have been made by government and non-governmental institutions to contribute to tackling household waste. Not only waste banks, but now many institutions offer services to accommodate recyclable or reusable waste. Environmental care campaigns are one effort to convey information or ideas about the importance of protecting and preserving the environment we live in, namely the earth. The mentoring method was carried out by providing and explaining materials, questions and answers (discussions) as well as providing examples regarding environmental sustainability education and waste management which was conducted on August 21, 2023 located at the Flamboyan RPTRA, Menteng Dalam Village, Tebet District, South Jakarta. The activity was held by the PKM team from Sahid University with 14 RPTRA residents and 2 people from the local village. The PKM team consisted of 3 lecturers and 5 students providing campaign materials and examples. The results of this activity are that online materials have been provided on effective communication for environmental campaigns and waste management by the Communication lecturers team from Sahid University. Furthermore, examples of how to convey campaigns were submitted by PKM students. At the end of the event the PKM team also asked participants about their impressions after participating in the mentoring. Good impressions were obtained that participants became more aware of effective ways to communicate with children regarding environmental conservation and waste sorting.

Economic Empowerment of Tribal Women through Non-Timber Forest Products

"The present paper attempts to explore and analyze the purpose of women collecting Non-Timber Forest Products based on the socioeconomic status of the women and their households. The study finds that 59.14% of women respondents were engaged in collecting NTFPs. The study employed Binary Logistic Regression for data analysis. The logistic regression analysis shows that the respondent’s main occupation, total household income excluding income from NTFPS, respondent’s age, respondent’s educational level, household size and distance to market significantly influences the dependence of women in NTFPs to earn cash income. The study found the distance to the market an important deciding factor for women to earn cash income from NTFPs. Women staying nearer to the market were more likely to earn cash income from NTFPs than those who live far from the market. Therefore the study suggests the need for government and non-government institutions (NGOs) intervention to initiate training and capacity building for the tribal women at the village level to bring more women to the market."

Optimizing Resource Usage in Cagayan de Oro City Institutions, Philippines

Aside from the Human Resources, the most valuable resources of the company are the assets comprising the current assets and fixed assets. Currently, many companies require better management of their assets but the misuse of company resources is a serious issue that many firm employees see as “no big deal.” However, the principle remains the same that firm resource is a lasting resource and it is for the use of firm and nothing else. This study examined the misuse of firm resources in government and non-government sectors in Cagayan de Oro City. The objectives were: determining the commonly misuse firm resources, awareness and involvement of employees in misusing the resources, and management report on misusing the resources. This study used descriptive research design with the aid of survey questionnaire in gathering the primary data supported by interview. Findings revealed that the commonly misused resources of the firms were office supplies with 40%, followed by internet usage with 30%, and telephone usage with 15%. In awareness and involvement of employees on the commonly misused resources, first in the rank was aware but involved with 30% followed by aware and not involved with 25% of the employee respondents. In the category of reporting of employees of the misused resources to the management, the employee witnesses but does not report with 40% followed by witnesses and does the report to the management with 30%. Interview revealed that misused of resources happened due to lack of proper orientation on mission and goals of the firm, over supply of resources, and absence of guidelines. The researchers concluded that intentional insider misuse of institution resources represents a significant threat to the organizations and whether government or non-government institutions, the presence of misuse of resources committed by the employees based on the results of this study still exists. Recommendations are: there should be a proper inventory system, policies and guidelines in using the resources, and close monitoring of firm resources.

Assessment of the feasibility of a community-based mental health training programme for persons with disabilities by non-specialists from different stakeholders’ perspectives in Bangladesh

IntroductionBangladesh is a developing country where 11% of the population has at least one disability, but no community-level mental health service is available. There is limited evidence of the burden of mental health issues and health-seeking behaviour among this population. This study assessed the feasibility of a training intervention for persons with disabilities, where peer support providers provided community-based disability-inclusive mental health services.MethodsFour stakeholder groups participated in this qualitative study: peer responders (trained persons with disabilities), trainers, representatives of organisations of persons with disabilities and disability-specific organisations, and officials of international and national non-governmental organisations. Two types of qualitative interviews were used to collect data, and thematic analysis techniques were utilised.ResultStakeholders perceived the peer responder training programme as acceptable for persons with disabilities to develop themselves as peer support providers, with potential benefits including increased mental health literacy, ensuring accessible mental health services, and improving the well-being of persons with disabilities. Potential challenges included receiving training and delivering services. Increased training duration, more fieldwork, supervision opportunities, and refresher training were recommended to mitigate training challenges. Financial support and formal community recognition were deemed necessary for training delivery.ConclusionThe peer responder training programme was feasible to ensure accessible mental health services for persons with disabilities, build a workforce to screen for mental health conditions, and provide appropriate referrals. A multi-sectoral collaboration of government and non-governmental institutions is recommended to policy advocates to expand the peer responder training programme in the mainstream mental healthcare system.

Factors affecting healthcare-seeking behaviour among men who have sex with men in Starehe sub-county, Nairobi City County

Men who have sex with men (MSM) are a marginalized population in Kenya. When seeking medical care, they usually encounter obstacles due to accusations and public discrimination. As a result, MSMs put themselves at risk of developing serious illnesses that would burden the economy. This study aims to identify the barriers and behaviors that influence MSM healthcare-seeking. A quantitative study was conducted in Nairobi's Starehe sub-county. The researcher randomly selected participants at a Support Widows and Orphan Programmers drop-in center. The investigation happened between December 13, 2021, to January 15, 2022. Participants were subjected to a self-administered questionnaire after consenting. Most respondents were youths (92.7%:190). MSM's who encountered discrimination while receiving treatment were three times more likely to be afraid to seek medical attention (UOR=3.2, 95% CI). The majority of MSMs preferred non-government institutions (56.1 %; 115). The MSMs who were denied medical care were more likely to be afraid to seek care (UOR=3.9, 95% CI (1.192, 12.434). MSMs showed confidence in disclosing their sexual orientation to a health provider (82.1%:133) compared to family members (18.3%:11). The study found that MSMs' have challenges and poor health-seeking behaviors that is due to lack of a strategy for providing medical care to MSMs. The Ministry of Health should plan on how to supply items like drugs and protective devices required in the treatment and prevention of diseases among MSMs. Participants in this study were selected at the centrally located site in Nairobi County. The selection at one center can contribute to sampling bias.

Determinants of students’ satisfaction: Higher education perspective

The intention of this paper is to verify students’ satisfaction through service quality, institutional image, and intake quality from a higher education perspective. To satisfy this objective, the study collected 303 data points randomly from North South University, Brac University, and United International University, the top three non-government institutions in Bangladesh. Results exhibited that service quality, institutional image, and the intake quality of students are statistically significant predictors of student satisfaction. As a result, these factors are appropriate for explaining student satisfaction. From a practical point of view, academicians, scholars, and practitioners should emphasize service quality, intake quality of students, and institutional image as major determinants of student satisfaction. It is challenging to maintain student satisfaction in institutes of higher learning. University administrators will have a great deal of opportunity to make useful judgments for boosting student satisfaction by comprehending this point of view and this study's conceptual model. Additionally, this research would have a big impact on both policymakers and academics. This study concentrated on aspects of higher education that students highly value. To fortify this conceptual model, the study incorporated "intake quality of student" as an independent variable for determining student satisfaction, which is a fairly extraordinary effort to expose a theoretical gap.

Gap Implementasi Dalam Kebijakan Publik: Studi Kasus Implementasi Kebijakan Perpu Nomor 2 Tahun 2022 Klaster Ketenagakerjaan Tentang Pemanfaatan Pekerja Asing

Perppu number 2 of 2022 is a controversial regulation and has received a lot of resistance from the public, especially workers. Perppu number 2 of 2022 is considered to have the potential to facilitate the entry of foreign workers which threatens and creates new competition for local workers. However, Perppu Number 2 of 2022 shows the use of diction which emphasizes that the aim of the entry of foreign workers into Indonesia is to transfer skills and transfer technology. The research questions and things analyzed in this research are to see how the implementation of Perppu Number 2 of 2022 is and discuss what recommendations and things that can be improved in the implementation of Perppu Number 2 of 2022. This research is qualitative research using literature study data collection techniques. The results of this research show that there is an implementation gap between what is formulated in Perppu number 2 of 2022 and the implementation in the field which is caused by multidimensional factors. By using policy capacity theory and implementation gap theory, the recommendations that can be given for the implementation of Perppu Number 2 of 2022 are improvements in human resource capacity, both in qualitative and quantitative terms and empowerment of non-governmental institutions in overseeing the implementation of the policy. So it can be concluded that there is a large implementation gap between what policy makers formulated in Perppu Number 2 of 2022 and what is implemented in the field.

THE IMPACT OF CIVIL LAW STATUS ON THE COMPETITIVENESS OF NON-GOVERNMENTAL UNIVERSITIES IN THE EDUCATIONAL SERVICES MARKET

The article examines the impact of civil law status on the competitiveness of non-governmental higher education institutions (HEIs) in the educational services market. The authors analyze current trends in the educational sphere, the peculiarities of the status of non-state universities and its impacton their competitiveness. The research is based on the analysis of legal norms, statistical data and the experience of functioning of various types of educational institutions. The article identifies key aspects that determine the success of non-governmental universities in the educational services market, such as financial stability, management autonomy, quality of the educational program and reputation. The results of the study can be useful for developing strategies for the development of non-state universities and increasing their competitiveness in modern conditions of the educational market.

Juvenile Delinquency and Justice

Juvenile delinquency in India is much less as compared to other developed countries, then the government has implemented necessary and appropriate acts for its prevention and has also established organized government and non-government institutions under which such law-disputed juveniles are given proper treatment. To be able to get protection and live a meaningful life in the future, the child is indeed as innocent and free from vices as he was in the beginning, if at that time he is carefully molded into a virtuous structure, and then his physical, mental, moral and spiritual attitudes will improve. There will be all-round development.

TEACHER AS A PARTICIPANT IN THE SYSTEM OF A NON-GOVERNMENT EDUCATIONAL ORGANIZATION: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RUSSIAN AND FOREIGN EXPERIENCE

The article considers the role of a teacher as a key participant in a process of forming effective relationship and achieving a high level of academic progress within a non-governmental educational organization. Models for hiring and selecting teachers in a private education sector in OECD countries are studied. The features of hard and soft skills, as well as requirements to professional duties, which must meet a teacher of a private school, are noticed. Main functions and role of a teacher in Russian non-governmental educational institutions are considered. The most important functions of a teacher to improve level of students’ achievement, as well as overall effectiveness for a private educational organization, are underlined.

Digital Literacy and Its Implications for Sustainable Adult Education in the 21st Century.

The twenty-first century has been transformed by the advancement in science and technology where different inventions have made teaching and learning more creative and digitalised than before. Different gadgets like iphones, ipads, lab tops, internet, visual, audios, e-boards, power point and so on are now becoming a veritable tool for effective teaching delivery and learning. An analog adult educator in this century may not function as expected due to new literacy skills needed. Ability to handle and operate these gadgets effectively by adult professionals for effective delivery of knowledge to adult client’s demand being digitally literate for sustainable adult education in the 21st. This paper therefore examined the implications of digital literacy for sustainable adult education in the 21st century. The paper also explored the advantages and challenges of the 21st century digital literacy for sustainable adult education. In order to achieve sustainable adult education in this 21st century and beyond in which science and technology is advancing, all practitioners of adult education whether private, governmental and non-governmental organisations, facilitators, universities or institutions that offers adult education programmes should be digitally literate so as to be able to handle effectively the new technologies meant for improved delivery of teaching and learning.

Adaptive Governance or Status Quo? Unpacking the City of Jakarta's Approach to the Air Pollution Control Program

In recent years, Jakarta has experienced an increase in air pollution which has the potential to have a significant impact on Jakarta residents not only in terms of health, but socio-cultural and productivity. This encourages the need for effective governance strategies to overcome air pollution problems. This study seeks to critically analyze the approach used by the city of Jakarta in dealing with air pollution to find out whether the city of Jakarta's air pollution control policy has led to innovative, flexible and adaptive governance, or is still more inclined towards maintaining the status quo. Based on qualitative data, including in-depth interviews, policy analysis, and consultation with stakeholders, this research examines Jakarta's policy mechanisms, community participation pathways, and inter-agency coordination in controlling air quality and dealing with pollution. The research results show a lack of alignment between progressive policy frameworks and implementation challenges, thus underscoring the need for a more adaptive and dynamic approach. The approach adopted in Jakarta appears to be dominated by a top-down, government-led model, where policies and decisions are primarily formulated and implemented with minimal participation from non-governmental institutions. Such models, while ensuring efficient decision making, may exclude valuable insights of other stakeholders and hinder innovative and context-specific solutions. Additionally, these rigid structures appear to lack the flexibility and responsiveness that are hallmarks of adaptive governance, potentially reducing cities' ability to effectively address air pollution challenges. This research underscores the need for a more inclusive and adaptive governance framework in managing air pollution in Jakarta.

Rethinking non-governmental organizations – at the crossroad of economics and civil society

RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: The article aims to close the existing knowledge gaps, show why non-governmental organizations are founded and maintained, and elaborate and systematize the existing knowledge through an analysis of the existing subdisciplines within economics, laying the groundwork for the economics of non-governmental organizations.
 RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS: The article was written based on a structured literature review with an approach similar to the grounded theory method. The research question is: Why are NGOs founded and what is their modus operandi?
 PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: After determining the research question, literature evidence was collected from a variety of sources, which led to the creation of a theoretical explanatory model. Nevertheless, a deductive, top-down approach has been taken to present the final model in a more comprehensible and transparent way.
 RESEARCH RESULTS: Based on the institutional hierarchy of O.E. Williamson and drawing from the theoretical framework of the economics of the public sector and the motives behind the sharing economy, a model was built that explains why NGOs are founded and maintained, thus elucidating the route from social theory (in particular, institutional environments) all the way to undertaking actions to solve a given issue.
 CONCLUSIONS, INNOVATIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS: The article influences and enhances the current state of knowledge regarding non-governmental institutions, including the placement of NGOs in particular disciplines within economics. It also significantly supports researchers doing subsequent studies regarding this area of social science. After further research in the proposed direction, more practical implications may arise in the future, including improvements in the management of NGOs that will facilitate their more efficient operation.

Comparison between the Computer Curriculum in public schools in the Kurdistan Region, Iraq and Jordan

This study aims to analyze and compare three computer curriculum Text books, which are the information technology book for the seventh grade in the Kurdistan region, the computer book for the first intermediate grade in Iraq, and the computer book for the seventh grade in Jordan, in order to know which fields in the books have the greatest space and importance, and the areas that It has the least space and importance. To achieve the objectives of this research, all the topics in the three books have been analyzed.
 The research community consists of three books (Information Technology/Kurdistan Region, Computer/Iraq, and Computer/Jordan). To implement the objectives of the research and collect information, the classification form was used as a research tool consisting of 175 sections, and after the issuance of the validity and reliability of the research tool, this form was divided into 100 experts in the field of computer in universities and governmental and non-governmental institutes in the Kurdistan Region, as well as education teachers in basic public schools. After taking the opinions of experts, analyzing them and emptying the research tools, statistical formulas were used, such as (percentage, arithmetic mean), the most important results of the study were presented.

Football and Discrimination – A Case Study from Bulgaria

This study aims to acquaint the academic community with the complex amalgam of relationships that arose from the case of a football player from Nigeria, who competed for a Bulgarian provincial team. He was attacked and severely beaten by a group of skinheads in the centre of Sofia in 2007. These events provoked interactions between the official state authorities, the non-government sector, and various representatives of Bulgarian society. This situation creates conditions for posing contentious questions to society and provides an opportunity for some solutions. The study of the degree of sensitivity and commitment of the mentioned actors can help to understand the issues related to discrimination in Bulgarian society. My research is primarily based on in-depth interviews. I have also used various written data from the official websites of state and non-governmental institutions and media publications to apply the comparative anthropological approach.

Численность обучающихся в системе высшего образования: статистический анализ данных по Республике Калмыкия на фоне общероссийских данных

Education is the most important indicator of the development of the country and its regions. The sustainability of regional development directly depends on the intellectual potential of the region. The purpose of the article, based on the analyzes of the statistical data on the number of students in the higher education system, is to consider the problems and trends in the development of higher education in the country as a whole and in the Republic of Kalmykia in particular. Materials and methods. The following materials were used when writing the article: statistical data from the Ministry of Higher Education and Science of the Russian Federation, Federal State Statistics Service, statistical (analytical) reviews of the Institute of Statistical Research and Economics of knowledge of the National Research University “Higher School of Economics”. The methods of system-structural and statistical data analysis were applied in the study. Results. Statistical data reflect the social and economic processes taking place in the society. The data reviewed on the number of higher education institutions, their forms of ownership, the number of students and their preferred forms of education showed that in recent years the country has been experiencing the process of increasing the state control in the field of higher education expressed in the reduction of the number of universities, especially private ones, as well as in the reduction of the number of their branches, etc. In Kalmykia, as well as in the country as a whole, the number of students decreased between 2018 and 2022. Also in the republic, as well as in the country, after the active growth of the number of non-governmental higher education institutions and their branches in the early 2000s, already in 2014–2015 their quantity decreased sharply. There is also a tendency in the region to reduce the number of full-time students while increasing the number of part-time students. At the same time, the number of students studying by correspondence throughout the country is decreasing. Statistics have shown that the number of correspondence students is growing at the expense of students from the neighboring regions that can be explained by the low cost of the tuition.

The Effectiveness of Veyon Application Implementation in Client & Server Based Computer Labs

Almost all government and non-government institutions already use computers and all media and work tools. But with a computer all these conveniences can also interfere with someone at work. For example, a student is following a practicum lesson but the student is instead busy with social media and games, so the learning process is not conveyed in the practicum activity.Monitoring computer activity carried out using the Client & Server method so that administrators will find it easier to monitor client computers connected to a computer network. In this application there is also a forced exit feature so that the client computer cannot carry out related processes outside of learning.After testing this application, it can be concluded that this application can monitor activities from client computers with a percentage of 80% so that network administrators can monitor processes and applications running on client computers. For testing the communication process between server computers and client computers using several computer network media, it was successful with a percentage of 80%.

The Socioeconomic Impact of Diseases of Working Equids in Low and Middle-Income Countries: A Critical Review.

Working equids provide a crucial contribution to the livelihoods and food security of communities in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Nevertheless, they are a neglected category within animal health policies and interventions of governmental and non-governmental institutions. This critical review aims to assess the socioeconomic impact of diseases of working equids in LMICs. By highlighting the implications of diseases on working equid welfare, human wellbeing and livelihoods, this review seeks to sensitise policymakers within governments and international organisations to develop policies and interventions aimed at protecting the health of working equids and, consequently, the health and livelihoods of their dependent communities. Twenty relevant publications were identified through the search of five databases (CAB Abstracts, Web of Science Core Collection, BIOSIS, EMBASE and Scopus), backward citation searching and screening of indexes of proceedings and Special Issues retrieved from the database search. The review findings show that diseases of working equids have detrimental socioeconomic effects. However, this subject is under-researched and restricted to few diseases and geographical settings. Considering the complexity of the issue, this review demonstrates that the 'One Health' approach represents an opportunity to clarify the link between equid health, human wellbeing and livelihoods, facilitating the translation of research into policy.